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Đang mang thai có quyền đơn phương chấm dứt hợp đồng lao động ?

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Đang mang thai có quyền đơn phương chấm dứt hợp đồng lao động ?

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Cách đây gần hai năm, Chị K công nhân nhà máy xi măng N được nhà máy cho đi đào tạo nâng cao tay nghề và sau đó bố trí về làm việc tại nhà máy. Đầu năm 2004 chị cưới chồng và nay chị đang mang thai được 4 tháng. Nhận thấy làm việc ở môi trường rất độc hại có khả năng ảnh hưởng lớn đến thai nhi, chị quyết định đơn phương chấm dứt hợp đồng lao động (như yêu cầu của bác sỹ trong giấy xác nhận khám thai định kỳ của chị). Lãnh đạo nhà máy không đồng ý với lý do đã cho chị đi đào tạo thì phải tiếp tục làm việc cho nhà máy. Chị không chịu vì cho rằng chị có quyền đơn phương chấm dứt hợp đồng lao động mà không cần báo trước. Hỏi trong trường hợp này chị K đúng hay sai?

 Đối với trường hợp này, Điều 112 Bộ luật Lao động năm 1994(đã được sửa đổi, bổ sung năm 2002), quy định: Người lao động nữ có thai có quyền đơn phương chấm dứt hợp đồng lao động mà không phải bồi thường theo quy định tại Điều 41 của Bộ luật này (bồi thường nửa tháng lương, phụ cấp lương và phí đào tạo – nếu có), nếu có giấy của thầy thuốc chứng nhận tiếp tục làm việc sẽ ảnh hưởng xấu tới thai nhi. Thời hạn mà người lao động nữ phải báo trước cho người sử dụng lao động trong trường hợp này tùy thuộc vào thời hạn do thầy thuốc chỉ định.
Như vậy, nếu chị K có giấy của thầy thuốc chứng nhận tiếp tục làm việc sẽ ảnh hưởng xấu tới thai nhi thì chị có quyền đơn phương chấm dứt hợp đồng lao động mà không phải bồi thường phí đào tạo. Tuy nhiên chị phải báo cáo rõ, xuất trình giấy chứng nhận nói trên của thầy thuốc cho lãnh đạo nhà máy. Thời hạn chị phải báo trước theo thời hạn thầy thuốc chỉ định.